中考英语复习资料:代词考点集汇、讲解和训练(1

【考点直击】
1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法;
2.
名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法;
3
反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法;
4
常见不定代词的一般用法;
5.
指示代词的一般用法,并了解其在上下文中的指代用法;
6.
相互代词的基本用法;
7.
疑问代词的基本用法。
8.
关系代词的基本用法。
【名师点睛】
    代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
. 人称代词
 1.人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。 

   
    2.
人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:
   I like table tennis. (作主语)
     Do you know him?
(作宾语)
3.
人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如:
---Who is knocking at the door?
---It’s me.
4.
人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:
He is older than me.
He is older than I am.
. 物主代词
 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性
物主代词,如下表所示。

     
 
 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如:
   Our teacher is coming to see us.
   This is her pencil-box.
 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
   Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语)
  --- Is this English-book yours? (作表语)
  --- No. Mine is in my bag.
  I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)
. 指示代词
   指示代词包括:thisthatthesethose
1. this
these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,thatthose
则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:
  This is a pen and that is a pencil
  We are busy these days
  In those days the workers had a hard time
2.
有时thatthose指前面讲到过的事物,this these则是指下面将要讲
到的事物,例如:
  I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.
  What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English
3.
有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用thatthose代替,例如:
  Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai
  4. this
在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。例如:
  Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?
. 反身代词
    英语中用来表示"我自己""你自己""他自己""我们自己""你们自己"
等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。

   


  
反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。
  1. 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人
或一些人。
    He called himself a writer
    Would you please express yourself in English? 
2.
作表语。
     It doesn't matterI'll be myself soon
     The girl in the news is myself
  3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。
     I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语)
     You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)