课程信息

 

【本讲教育信息】

一、教学内容：

Phonetics & Grammar

（一）语音归纳   

（二）语法知识

 

二、知识总结与归纳

（一）语音归纳 Phonetics

1. 元音字母与元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

 

 

 

2. 元音字母与元音字母组合在非重读音节中的读音

 

 

3. 辅音字母和辅音字母组合的读音

 

（二）语法知识 Grammar

一）代词 (pron.)

 

第一人称单数

第二人称

单数和复数

第三人称单数

第一人称复数

第三人称复数

人称代词

我

你 / 你们

他

她

它

我们

他们

主格

I

you

he

she

it

we

they

宾格

me

you

him

her

it

us

them

物主代词

我的

你的/ 你们的

他的

她的

它的

我们的

他们的

形容词性

my

your

his

her

its

our

their

 

【典型例题】

选词填空：

1. What’s ________ name? (you / your )  _________ name is Bob. ( My / I / me)

2. _________ erasers are in ________drawer. (her / she / Her / She)

3. _________ brother can speak Japanese. (He’s / His / He )

4. ___________ is a cat. ________ name is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its )

5. _________ can’t see _________baseball. It’s behind _________.( My / I / me / my )

6. Please take _________ keys to school. __________ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them )

7. Can you help ______?( we / us / our) Please take ______ to school. ( they / their / them)

8. __________ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she / Her / She)

 

二）名词 （n.）

前面可用many（许多）、a lot of/lots of（许多）、some（一些）、a few （一点）

名词所有格：

(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格：

单数后加 ’s  如: Lucy’s ruler   my father’s shirt

以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bags

不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s  children’s shoes

并列名词中，如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mike’s car  汤姆和麦克共有的小汽车

要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加’s，如: Tom’s and Mike’s cars  汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of ＋名词”来表示所有关系：如: a picture of the classroom   a map of China

 

【典型例题】

一、写出下列单词的复数形式

baby _____  potato _____   knife _____   photo _____ Chinese _____ hamburger _____   case _____   key _____   watch _____   name _____  strawberry _____  

tomato _____   dollar _____  orange _____  boy _____

二、改错

1. He has many ice cream for breakfast._____________________________

2. The girl has two broccoli for lunch. ________________________________

3. I need some salads. ____________________________________

4. We can see much clothes in the store. ________________________________

5. Does she have three cousin? ___________________________________

 

三）冠词 (art.)

1) 种类：

（1）不定冠词：a / an   元音开头的可数名词前用an

（2）定冠词：the    the egg   the plane

2) 用法:

定冠词的用法：

（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk.

（2）复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

（3）谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys aren’t at school.

（4）在序数词前： John’s birthday is February the second.

（5）用于固定词组中： in the morning / afternoon / evening  

不用冠词的情况：

（1）专有名词前：China is a big country. 

（2）名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball.

（3）复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys can’t swim.   They are teachers.

（4）在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day.   It’s Sunday.

（5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.

（6）球类、棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.

 * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.

（7）学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.

（8）在表称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.

（9）固定词组中：at noon  at night  by bus

 

【典型例题】

填空：（在有必要的地方填上冠词，不用填的划 “/ ”）

What’s this? It’s _____ clock.

What’s that? It’s _____ alarm clock.

What is it? It’s _____ “w”.

What color is the jacket? It’s _____ orange. It’s _____ orange jacket.

Jim’s mother is _____ Mrs Green. She is _____ teacher.

Those pens are in _____ pencil case.

Here’s _____ interesting family photo.

This is _____ my English book.

Where is _____ bag? It’s under _____ table.

Take _____ things to _____ your brother.

Do you have _____ ping pong bat? Yes, I do.

Does Bill like _____hamburgers? No, he doesn’t.

 

四）动词和时态（v.）

一般现在时

be 动词的一般现在时

be动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。它有三种形式：am, is , are

I am a teacher.

My brother is at school.

Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two.

You are a good boy.

实义动词的一般现在时

一个动作经常反复地发生，就用一般现在时。第三人称单数(he, she , it, Tom等)作主语，谓语动词要加 “s” 或 “es”。I like hamburgers. He has salad for lunch.

附：动词第三人称单数的构成规则

1）一般情况下加s：get—gets   like—likes

2) 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es: watch—watches   go—goes   do—does

3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i，再加es  carry—carries

特殊：  have---has

情态动词can

情态动词(can, may, must )后的动词用原形。如：

I can play the guitar.  Can you bring the things to school?

几个动词的特殊用法：

Ø         let后用动词原形  Let’s play soccer.

Ø         like后动词用ing形式， 如like playing basketball

Ø         want加 to do

Ø         help +人+动词原形 help+人+with sth. /doing sth.

 

【典型例题】

一、用be的适当形式填空。

1.Ｉ _________   a student．

2. __________ your father a worker? Yes, he __________ ．

3. They __________  in the classroom．

4. This  __________ an apple．

5. Where __________  my books﹖

6. We __________friends.

7. You __________ a good student.

8. These ___________her peas.

9. How much _________the T-shirt?

10. How much __________ the socks?

 

二、完成句子。

1. I _________ (know) the boy.

2. My grandfather ___________(play) sports in the park.

3. He usually ___________(comes) to school early.

4. I often ____________(have) rice, meat and vegetables.

5. _______ you _____( have) a soccer ball?

6. My mother wants_______(buy) a sweater.

7. Bob likes _____________(watch) TV.

8. Let’s___________( sing) an English song.

 

五）句型结构

肯定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+…

        主语+can+动词原形+…

        主语+行为动词原形（行为动词三单形式）+…

否定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+not+…

        主语+can’t+动词原形+…

        主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原形+…

一般疑问句及答语：

be(am/is/are)+主语+…？ Yes,+主语+ be     No,+主语+be not.

Can+主语+动词原形+…？Yes,主语+can      No,主语+can’t

Do/Does+主语+动词原形+…？Yes,主语+do/does   No,主语+don’t/doesn’t

特殊疑问句：

疑问词+be+主语+…？

疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+…？

疑问句+do(does)+主语+动词原形+…？ 

疑问词：who/ how/ how old/ how much/ where/ when/ why/ what

 

【典型例题】

将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答

1. My name’s Bob.             

2. I’m his uncle.

3. Our shirts are too long.        

4. My friend has some notebooks.

5. Lucy and Lily like sports.      

6. Jerry’s teacher can play chess.

 

【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）

*一、用代词完成句子：

1. A: What’s this / that ?

  B: _________ is a dresser.

  A: How do you spell _________ , please ?

  B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R.

2. A: What are these / those ?

  B: _________ are tomatoes.

3. A: Does Cindy like salad?

  B: No, _________doesn’t.

4. A: How much are his shoes?

  B: _________ are 100 dollars. 

5. A: Is Alan your friend?

  B: Yes, _________ is.

6. A: Do you have a soccer ball?

  B: Yes, _________ do.

7. A: Who is that girl?

  B: _________ is Jack’s sister.

8. This is David and this is Tim. _________ are our friends. They often help _______.

9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes ______.

10. The pants are nice. I’ll take _________.

 

**二、将下列句子变成复数形式

1. This is a bus .

2. She has a nice dress.

3. The boy has a watch .

4. You are a Chinese.

5. The running star likes to eat healthy food.

 

*三、冠词填空

1. Let’s play _______ soccer.

2. I don’t have _______ soccer ball.

3. Well, let’s play ________ drums.

4. That sounds ______interesting idea.

5. How much are __________ two hats? They are 10 dollars.

 

**四、用动词的适当形式填空。

1. ___________(be) you twelve?

2. She _____________(like) fish, but she __________ ( not like ) meat .

3. Let’s ___________(watch) TV.

4. __________your mother _________(have) a baseball bat?

5.______Jim and Tom _________(like) hamburgers?

6. Where _______(be) the two volleyballs?

7. That _____ (be ) his family photo.

 

五、划出每句中正确的词：

1、(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa? 

2、(Where/What)are your baseball?

3、(Do/Does)Mary have a clock? 

4、I (don’t/doesn’t)like hamburgers.

5、(Is/Can)she play the violin?   

6、How much (are/is) her socks?

 

*六、划线提问：

1. Peter is 12 years old.

2. This is an English book.

3. The backpacks are black.

4. They are fine.

5. They have vegetables for lunch.

6. His shoes are under the table.

7. Her basketball is 5 dollars.

 

*七、根据答语或问句，补全对话：

1. A:

B: His phone number is 3435871.

2. A: What’s twelve and three?

B:

3. A:

B: Her family name is Brown. 

4. A:

B: My first name is Lisa. 

5. A:

B: The watches are in the drawer.

6. A:

B: No, Bob’s shorts aren’t in the dresser.

7. A:

B: The white hat is fifty yuan.

 

**八、翻译句子

1. 我的朋友的名字是林涛。

2. 她的数学书在哪儿？

3. 他们的书包在书橱里。

4. Lily 和Lucy 有一个大房间。

5. 我们晚餐吃汉堡、花椰菜、冰淇淋。

 

【试题答案】

一、

1. It, it   2. They                 3. she                 4. They   5. he   6. I

7. She   8. They, us      9. them        10. them

 

二、

1. These are buses.                2. They have nice dresses.

3. The boys have watches.     4. You are Chinese.

5. The running stars like to eat healthy food.

 

三、

1. /   2. a   3. the   4. an  5. the

 

四、

1. Are   2. likes, doesn’t like   3. watch   4. Does, have

5. Do, like   6. are   7. is

 

五、

  1. Is   2. Where  3. Does   4. don’t   5. Can   6. are

 

六、

  1. How old is Peter?    2. What is this?

3. What color are the backpacks?

4. How are they?   5. What do they have for lunch?

6. Where are his shoes?

7. How much is her basketball?

 

七、

1. What’s his phone number?

2. It’s fifteen. 

3. What’s her family name?

4. What’s your first name? 

5. Where are the watches?

6. Are Bob’s shorts in the dresser?

7. How much is the white hat?

 

八、

1. My friend’s name is Lin Tao.

2. Where is her math book?

3. Their backpack is in the bookcase.

4. Lily and Lucy have a big room.

5. We eat hamburgers, broccoli and ice cream for supper.