【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 3
Life in the future 未来的生活
1. 重点单词短语用法讲解
2. 课文难点句解析
二. 知识总结与归纳：
单元内容简介：
（一）主题：本单元中心话题是：预测未来好坏变化；外星生物
（二）本单元涉及到的语法现象：过去分词短语作状语
三. 重点讲解与归纳：
（一）1. private
houses 私人住宅
private adj. 私人的；个人的；不公开的；隐秘的
privately adv. 私人地（没有别人在场）
privacy n. 无人在场状态，隐私、秘密
private property 私有财产
a private car 私人轿车
a private apartment 私人公寓
Private （信件）亲启；（告示）禁止入内
in private 私下地，在不公开场合
①Don't repeat what I have told you to anyone；it's private.
不要把我告诉你的告诉任何人，这是保密的。
②He retired to his private retreat in the mountain
他退了休到山里隐居。
③Smith is very rude in private though he is polite in public.
尽管史密斯在公开场合很有礼貌，但他私下里很粗鲁。
2. first impressions第一印象
1） impression是名词，可作“印象”“影响”“效果模糊或不确定的观念”解释，也可意为“印记”“一版（书）”等。
2） impress是动词，意为“使感动，使留下印象”等：可构成以下短语：
impress sb. with sth. 或 impress sth. on/upon sb.
3） impressive是形容词，意为“给人深刻印象的”
例如：an impressive scene难忘的场面 an impressive story感人的故事
①His heroic deed created a lasting impression on people.
他的英雄行为给人们留下永不磨灭的印象。
②He looked around the room and wished to impress everything his mind.
他环顾四周想把房间里的一切都铭记在脑海里。
③I impressed him with the importance of his work／impressed him the importance of his work.
我使他注意他工作的重要性。
3. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh
air.
新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到受不了。
1）surroundings n. 环境
①Animals in a ZOO are not living in their natural surroundings.
动物园里的动物们不是生活在自然环境之中。
②She could not help being impressed by the luxurious surroundings.
她不由得对周围的豪华环境留下了深刻的印象。
［拓展］
（1）surrounding adj. 周围的
①The peasants are allowed to cultivate the surrounding land.
允许农民耕种周围的土地。
（2）surround vt. 围绕，包围
②I will give the signal，and they shall be surrounded.
我给信号，立即将他们包围!
③The Los Angeles basin is surrounded on three sides by high mountains.
洛杉矶盆地三面都是高山。
2）lack n. ［C&U］缺乏，短缺（与介词of连用）；
vt. & vi. 缺乏（用作vi.时，与介词for，in连用）
lack（for）sth. 缺少…… be lacking（in）sth. 缺乏……
for／by／from／through lack of 因缺乏……，因没有……
（a）lack of... ……方面的短缺 have no lack of 不缺乏……
no lack of 充足的（形容词词性） supply the lack 补缺
①They are so rich that they lack for nothing. 他们非常富裕，什么也不缺。
②He was acquitted for lack of evidence. 因证据不足，他被宣告无罪。
③He is lacking in responsibility. 他不够负责。
思考：lack与shortage都有“短缺，不足”之意，二者如何区分?
4. These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending
and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly.
这些汽垫车是在地面上飘浮着的。只要用力把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。
1）press可用作及物动词、不及物动词和名词。
（1）press作及物动词时，表示实际“压”的动作时，根据情景不同，意思可以为“压、按、揿、挤、榨、熨、握、提、抱、推、塞”等。
使用时可以：
①后接表示物或人的宾语。press sth. （sb.）
Press this button to start the engine. 按这个按钮开动发动机。
②后接宾语+副词。press sb. （sth. ）in（out，away，back，hard，down，together，flat，thin，etc. ）
The police tried hard to press the crowd back. 警察拼命地把人群向后推赶。
③后接宾语+介词短语。press sb. （sth. ）to（on，against，through，etc. ）
She pressed the child to her heart. 她把孩子紧抱在怀里。
press表示抽象意义的“施加压力”，“催逼”时，它的行为主体是人。push也有“推”的意义，但它没有抽象意义的“逼迫”。通常使用的结构有：
①press sb.
Don't press me. I can't make the decision right now. 别逼我，此刻我不能作出决定。
②press sb. for sth.
They pressed him for a definite answer. 他们逼他作出明确答复。
③press sb. to do sth.
The mother pressed her son to eat more. 母亲强要她儿子多吃一些。
④be pressed for sth. 为一习语，意为“缺少某事物”。
Please hurry—we're a bit pressed for time. 请快点——我们时间不多了。
（2）press作不及物动词时，其前面的行为主体可以是人也可以是物或事。其含义可以是“挤，压”，也可以是“催逼”，后面常跟副词或（和）介词短语。
I don’t like the shoes that press. 我不喜欢挤脚的鞋。
（3）press作名词用大致有四种意思。
①表示“压、按、揿、挤、榨、熨、握、捏、抱、推、塞”的动作，作可数名词用。
a press of a button按电钮
②表示“压，榨”的“机器”，可数名词。
a cider press苹果榨汁机
③表示“新闻界”，“出版界”，此时须用单数，前面加定冠词the。
Members of the press weren't allowed into the meeting. 新闻界人士不准进入会议场所。
④表示生活或工作的“压力”，“劳累”，此时press为不可数名词。
The press of many duties keeps her busy. 许多责任的压力使她一直忙碌。
2）swiftly adv. 迅速地；敏捷地；突然地
swift adj. （swifter，swiftest）
（1）快捷迅速的
The river is too swift to swim. 这河水流太急，不能游泳。
（2）匆促的，突然发生的
as swift as thought顷刻间
a swift visit to the shop匆匆逛一下商店
（3）（行动、思维）迅速的，机警的；动辄……的，常用词组是swift to do sth. （in doing sth. ）。
He has a swift wit. 他有急智。
She was swift to condemn the violence（in condemning the violence）.
她迅速谴责了那次暴力行动。
思考：swift/quick/ fast/rapid这四个词都表示“快的，迅速的”，你能说出它们的区别吗?
5. It took me only a few minutes to master the idea and soon I could
fly as fast as Wang Ping.
我只花了几分钟就掌握了这种要诀。不久，我就可以飞得跟王平一样快了。
master是个多义词和多词性词，可用作名词、形容词和及物动词。
1） n.
（1）master（女性为mistress）用于指“男主人，家长”。
Is your master（mistress）at home?
（客人对佣人的问候语）男主人（女主人）在家吗?
（2）master用于指（动物、奴隶的）“主人，饲主”；或（对事物的）
“控制者”，常与介词of连用。
A dog's master is its owner. 狗的主人是狗的所有者。
After hard fighting，the defenders were still masters of the city.
守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。
（3）master用于指（商船的、大鱼船的）“船长”。
The master（＝captain）refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others on board.
在船上还有其他人的时候，船长不肯离开正在下沉的船。
（4）master用于指“男教师”，是较为正式的用语，常与介词of连用。
He was a master（teacher）of the piano. 他是钢琴教师。
（5）master用于指“雇主，主人”。
They are loyal to their masters. 他们对老板忠心耿耿。
（6）master用于指“熟练工人，师傅；能手；获胜者”，常作修饰语，
用来修饰builder，carpenter，hand，mind等词。
a master baker面包师傅
a master builder建筑师
由于它起着形容词功能，因而有的词典把它归属于“形容词”。
（7）指“名家，大师，名家作品”。
This painting is an old master. 这幅画是古代名画家的作品。
（8）master可用于指“男大学校长；宿舍主任”。通常大写并与介词of连用。
（9）master用于指大学所颁授的学位之一“硕士学位”。
He holds an Oxford M.A. degree. 他持有牛津大学硕士学位。
注意：另外两种学位为：the degree of Bachelor of Are （Sciences）（略B.A.;B.Sc）文（理）学士学位和the degree of Doctor of Science（Medicine，Laws，Literature）（略D.Dr.） 理学（医学、法学、文学）博士。
2）adj.
master作形容词用，具有：
（1）“主人的；支配的，统治的”含义。
（2）“精通的，熟练的，优秀的”含义。
His master passion is motor-racing. 他最大的爱好是赛车。
3）vt.
master作及物动词用时具有下列含义：
（1）作“驯服，控制；统治；征服”解。
He is good at mastering horses. 他善于驯马。
You have to master your temper. 你必须抑制住你的脾气。
（2）作“精通，掌握”解。
It is not easy to master the local dialect. 掌握方言并不容易。
（3）作“支使，命令”解。
The captain mastered the crew to leave the sinking ship.
船长指挥船员离开正在下沉的船。
6. Wang Ping’s mother appeared, flashed a switch on a computer
screen, and…
王平的母亲出现了，电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是……
1）flash n. 闪光；闪烁；手电筒；v. 使闪光；闪现；突然发出
in a flash 即刻；瞬间 a flash of hope 一线希望
a flash of lightning 闪电 It flashed upon me that... 我突然想到……
①The weekend seemed to be over in a flash. 那个周末转瞬即逝。
②The idea flashed into / through his mind. 这念头在他的脑海里闪过。
③There was a flash of lightning a moment ago. 刚才有闪电的亮光。
2）switch n. 电路开关；转变，改变；v.转变；转换（位置）
①Polls showed a switch to labour. 民意测验表明形势转而对工党有利。
②Husband and wife should switch roles（with each other） occasionally.
夫妻间应当偶尔（彼此）对调充当的角色。
③Could you switch the TV over? 请你改换电视频道好吗?
相关短语：
switch （sth. ）off 切断（电流等）
switch （sth. ）on 接通（电流）
switch （sb. ）off 使某人感到乏味
switch （sth. ）round／over 转换、交换位置
switch （sth. ／sb. ）with（sb. ，sth. ）使（……）与……交换位置
④Don't switch the radio on. 不要打开收音机。
⑤Long lectures really switch me off. 我觉得冗长的演讲很烦人。
7. They have assisted in the discovery of planets round the fourth
star in the Pleiades system.
他们已经帮忙发现了围着昂宿星系中的第四颗星旋转的行星。
assist vt. & vi.
1）vt. 帮助；协助
assist sb. with sth. ／assist sb. to do sth./ assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人干某事
①You will be required to assist Mr. Smith in preparing a report.
你将要协助史密斯先生准备一份报告。
②Two men are assisting the police with their enquiries.
有两个人正配合警方的询问。
2）vi. 出席；参加
assist at／in sth. 在某场合出席；参加……
③I assisted at Joe's birthday party and really enjoyed myself.
我参加了乔的生日聚会并且过得很愉快。
④The president will assist at the ceremony.
主席将参加仪式。
assistance n.［U］帮助；援助
assistant n. 助手；助理；店员
（二）易混词辨析：
1. private／personal／individual
1）private指“私立的，私有的，私人的”，与“公立的，公有的，公共的”相对立。
2）personal指“本人的”，“亲自的，人身的”，与“由他人代表的，不涉及个人的”相对立。
3）individual强调“个体的，个别的”，与“普遍的，集体的”相对立。
2. remind／remember／recall
1）remind指某人或某事使主人公“联想起”另外的人或事，后面只接人作宾语，用于remind sb. of...结构中。
2）remember主要表示还记得、记住了过去发生的事情，指事物自然在记忆中出现，不包含努力或意志；但与can或could连用时，其所接宾语及意义与recall基本一致。
3）recall指有意识地“回忆、回想”，强调其动作包含有意识的努力或意志，常与can或could连用。
3. assist／help
1）assist帮助；援助，正式用语，受帮助者自己也出力。例如：
Students assisted the professor in doing the experiment. 学生们协助教授做实验。
2）help帮助，常用语，受帮助者可以出力，也可以不出力。
help sb. with sth. ／help sb. （to）do sth. 帮助某人做某事
He helped me when I was in trouble. 我处于困境时他帮助了我。
4. agency／agent
1）agency
（1）（起联系作用的）代理机构
（2）代理权
（3）作用，影响（常作单数，与the连用）
2）agent
（1）代理人，代理商，为……办事的人
（2）起作用的东西或力量
（3）（化）剂
drying agent 干燥剂 a cleaning agent 清洁剂
①Rain and sun are the agents which help plants to grow.
太阳和雨水是有助于植物生长的东西。
②I got this job in the factory through an employment.
我通过一个职业机构找到在工厂的这份工作。
③Our company has agencies all over the world.
我们公司在全世界都设有代办处。
5. speed／rate
speed和rate作名词用时，在指速度时可以通用。在指固定的速度或可能达到的速度时，通常用speed；rate常指不能或不必精确测定的速度。
①The car is running at a rate（speed）of fifty miles an hour.
那辆小汽车以每小时50英里的速度奔驰着。
②The newly designed airplane has a speed of 500 miles an hour.
新设计的飞机的速度可达每小时500英里。
③At this rate, we'll finish our work in two days.
以这种速度，我们将在两天内完成我们的工作。
（三）难句分析：
1. He was swept up into the center of them and my link with him was
broken as I was carried up to the top of a high building nearby.
他被卷入到这群车队中去了，而我却被带到附近一座高层建筑的顶部，于是我同他的联系也就中断了。
1）sweep v.
（1）绵亘；伸展；逶迤
①The road sweeps round the lake. 这条路环湖延伸。
②The hills sweep down to the sea. 山丘延伸到海边。
（2）掠过；扫过；拂过
③The waves swept the deck. 波浪扫过甲板。
④The wind swept the leaves away. 风把树叶刮走了。
（3）席卷；风靡；扫视；从……上面吹过（打过）去
⑤SARS swept over the country. SARS席卷全国。
（4）大模大样地走：派头十足地走
⑥She swept out of the room. 她大模大样地走出房间。
2）sweep相关短语
sweep up 清扫
sweep sb. down （水）把某人冲倒
sweep sth. away 清除；扫除；冲走；刮走
sweep over 扫过，席卷；扫视
2. These hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending
and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly.
这些汽垫车是在地面上飘浮着的。只要用力把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。
（四）语法 Grammar
过去分词作状语
过去分词短语常可用作状语，修饰谓语动词。其主要作用是：
1）说明动作发生的背景或情况。例如：
Guided by an old hunter，they went through the forest in only four days.
2）作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。例如：
Greatly encouraged（＝As he was greatly encouraged）by the teacher's words. the boy started doing his experiment again.
3）作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。例如：
Seen（When it is seen）from the top of the mountain，the city looks more beautiful.
4）作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：
Given more time（＝If I were given more time），I could do it much better.
即境活用
① ______ white，the door will look more beautiful.
A. Painting B. Painted C. Being painted D. Having been painted
解析：选B。考查分词作状语的用法。由于句子主语door同分词之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。
Painted white在此相当于一个条件状语从句If it is painted white。
②____in the strange city，the poor boy fell to_____.
A. Lost；cry B. To lose; cry C. Lost；crying D. Having lost；crying
解析：选C。此题考查过去分词作状语。过去分词作状语相当于一个状语从句。
即Lost in the strange city（＝As he was lost in the strange city），the poor boy fell to crying. to是介词，后应用crying，故排除A项；to lose位于句首是作目的状语，与句意不符，故排除；having lost是分词的主动式，与句意不符，故排除。
③______alone in a dark room，the little girl was so frightened as to cry loudly.
A. Leaving B. Left C. Being left D. To be left
解析：选B。空格处作原因状语，leave表示“留下，剩下”，与主语girl是被动关系，所以我们要把选择范围缩小到B、C和D三项。然后我们再从时间方面区分这三项，left是过去分词，表示“被动”和“完成”，但有时过去分词只可表示“被动”，而忽视它的时间概念；有时只表示“完成”。此处我们只强调它的被动意思；being left是现在分词的被动形式，因为“留下，剩下”表示状态，所以没有必要再用现在分词表示“进行”;to be left是不定式的被动形式，表示“被动”的同时也表示“将来”。句意为：这个小女孩被独自留在这个黑暗的房间里，她吓得都哭出来了。
④____from endless homework on weekends，the students now find their own activities, such as taking a ride together to watch the sunrise.
A. Freed B. Freeing C. To free D. Having freed
解析：选A。free作动词用时，表示“使某人从……中摆脱出来”。所以它与主语students是被动关系。句意为：在周末学生们从繁杂的作业中解脱出来，找到了自己的活动，比如： 一起乘车观看日出。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
I. 单项选择
1. You shouldn't read others’ _______letters without permission.
A. private B. public C. particular D. especial
2. The young man acted strangely during the interview. He made a bad ____on the employer.
A. impression B. expression C. experience D. opinion
3. We could see the buildings ____by trees.
A. being surrounded B. surrounded
C. to be surrounded D. surround
4. It's very kind of you，but we have no______ of teachers here.
A. reason B. lack C. signs D. result
5. The wildlife research work had to stop，because they were _____for money.
A. pressed B. eager C. longing D. worried
6. You will soon _____French when you live in Paris.
A. maintain B. master C. mention D. magnify
7. The bridge _____by the flood and fertile soil ______into the river.
A. was swept away；was swept down
B. swept away；swept down
C. was swept down；was swept away
D. was swept into；was swept up
8. _____the lady remembered everything.
A. All of sudden B. On a suddenly
C. In a flash D. For flash
9. Can you imagine a plane flying ____ 8，000 miles an hour?
A. with a speed B. in a speed of
C. at a speed of D. by a speed
10. ____the rate you work，you'll never finish.
A. In B. At C. With D. For
II. 弗兰克英语 专题训练：阅读理解步步高10篇 高级 （1）
步骤1：快速浏览下列文章，然后将该文章的段落顺序重新排列一下，当心！有一段与本文无关哦，请剔除，呵呵！有点意思！
（科普性说明文）
1. Recently the World Health
Organization announced that the disease of smallpox （天花）had almost been wiped out in most parts of the
world，thanks to widespread vaccination （种牛痘）.Most people are vaccinated at least once in
their lives and if they wish to travel from one country to another they must be
able to prove that they have had a recent vaccination. In this way the disease
has been prevented from spreading and today one seldom hears of it at all.
2. For example , when farmers
killed large numbers of hawks（鹰）,
the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice . Why ?
Because hawks eat rats and mice . With no hawks to keep down their numbers , the
rats and mice multiplied（繁殖）quickly
.
3. This is mainly because of the
great discovery made by a village doctor，Edward
Jenner，in about 1798 when he published his
report of his new experiment called vaccination ( from the word “vacca” meaning
a cow ). Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered
from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle，but these people never seemed to get smallpox.
So he experimented by putting the disease into a small opening on the arms of
healthy people，and though their arms became
painful for a day or two，they
soon recovered and none of these people ever got smallpox.
4. So the news of the wonderful
discovery spread to other countries and people rushed to their doctors to be
vaccinated. In many countries the simple way to deal with the arm was done on
thousands of people , and the terrible smallpox began to disappear.
段落顺序是： __________________________________________
步骤2：根据上篇阅读文章做以下理解练习
1. Which of the following is an
ineffectual way of preventing the spread of smallpox ?
A. Most people were vaccinated
against the disease at least once.
B. People going abroad should promise
not to spread the disease.
C. People traveling from one
country to another must prove they are vaccinated.
D. People must be vaccinated
shortly before going to foreign countries.
2. The doctor's new discovery was
called “vaccination” for the reason that ___________ .
A. he discovered smallpox near a farm
B. he experimented with a disease from the
cattle
C. he was working with cattle in the
countryside
D. people got the disease of smallpox from the
cattle
3. The news of the discovery
___________ .
A. caught people's attention from
all corners of the world
B. spread far and near in the
western countries
C. made people rush to Dr. Jennet for
vaccination
D. helped to get rid of the terrible disease
of smallpox
III. 消化训练：
步骤3： 根据文章意思将下列句中所缺的单词补上。
Recently the World Health
Organization _______________ that the disease of smallpox had almost been ______________
out in most parts of the world，thanks
to widespread vaccination .Most people are ______________ at least once in
their lives and if they wish to travel from one country to ______________they
must be able to prove that they have had a recent vaccination. In this way the
disease has been ______________ from spreading and today one seldom hears of it
at all.
This is mainly because of the great ______________
made by a village doctor，Edward
Jenner，in about 1798 when he ______________
his report of his new experiment called vaccination ( from the word “vacca”
meaning a cow ). Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often ______________
from a harmless disease which they caught from the______________，but these people never seemed to get smallpox.
So he ______________ by putting the disease into a small opening on the ______________
of healthy people，and though their arms became ______________
for a day or two，they soon recovered and none of
these people ever got smallpox.
So the news of the wonderful discovery______________
to other countries and people ______________ to their doctor’s to be
vaccinated.
In many countries the simple way to ______________
______________ the arm was done on thousands of people , and the terrible
smallpox began to ______________.
步骤 4： 根据文章意思将下列句中所缺的单词补上。
Recently the World Health
Organization _______________ that the _____________ of smallpox had almost been
______________ out in most parts of the world，________________ _______widespread vaccination .Most
people are ______________ at least once in their lives and if they wish to
travel from one country to ______________they must be able to _____________
that they have had a recent vaccination._____ _____ __________the disease has
been ______________ from spreading and today one seldom hears of it at all.
This is mainly because of the great ______________
made by a village doctor，Edward
Jenner，in about 1798 when he ______________
his report of his new experiment _____________ vaccination ( from the word
“vacca” meaning a cow ).Jenner discovered that people _____________worked with
cattle often ______________ from a harmless disease _____________ they caught
from the______________，but these people never seemed to
get smallpox. So he ______________ by putting the disease into a small opening
on the ______________ of healthy people，and
_____________ their arms became ______________ for a day or two，they soon recovered and none of these people
ever got smallpox.
So the news of the wonderful discovery______________
to other countries and people ______________ to their doctor’s to be
vaccinated.
In many countries the simple way to ______________
______________ the arm was done ____ thousands of people , and the terrible
smallpox began to ______________.
步骤5：把下列各个打乱顺序的句子重新排好顺序和连接起来并抄写下来。
if they wish
to travel from one country to another , they must be able to prove that
In this
way the disease has been prevented from spreading and
Most
people are vaccinated at least once in their lives and
Recently
the World Health Organization announced
that the
disease of smallpox had almost been wiped out in most parts of the world，thanks to widespread vaccination .
they have
had a recent vaccination.
today one
seldom hears of it at all.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________but
these people never seemed to get smallpox.
Edward
Jenner，in about 1798 when he published his
report of his new
experiment
called vaccination ( from the word “vacca” meaning a cow ).
harmless
disease which they caught from the cattle，
Jenner
discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a
small
opening on the arms of healthy people，and
though their arms became painful for a day or two，
So he
experimented by putting the disease into a
they soon
recovered and none of these people ever got smallpox.
This is
mainly because of the great discovery made by a village doctor，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
and the
terrible smallpox began to disappear.
In many
countries the simple
people
rushed to their doctors to be vaccinated.
So the
news of the wonderful discovery spread to other countries and
way to
deal with the arm was done on thousands of people ,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【试题答案】
I. 1. 选 A。句意为“未经允许你不该看别人的私人信件”。public意为“公开的”；particular意为“特定的”：especial意为“尤其”；private此处意为“个人的，私人的”符合语境。
2. 选 A。have／make a good／bad impression on sb. 意为“给某人留下好／坏的印象”。
3. 选 B。句意为“我们看到建筑物被树木包围着”。由此可知，要用被动形式，又因不强调正在进行，因而A项也应排除。
4. 选 B。have no lack of “不缺乏……”，为固定搭配。
5. 选 A。be pressed for缺少；be eager for渴望；long for渴望；be worried后面要接about意为“担心”。
6. 选 B。句意为“你住在巴黎很快就会学好法语的”。master“掌握”；maintain维持；mention提到；magnify 放大，扩大。
7. 选A。该句意为：桥梁被洪水冲走了，肥沃的土壤被冲到河里去了。
8. 选C。in a flash是固定词组，含义是“即刻” “一瞬间”。all of sudden应为all of a sudden。
9. 选C。at a speed of...为固定搭配，“以……的速度”。
10. 选B。at the rate “以这种速度”，为固定搭配。
II. 这是一篇具有科普性质的说明文，说明了种牛痘防治天花的始末。
（1）第l题属细节辨认题，A、C、D三个选项的内容都可在第一段找到，而“去国外的人应该保证不传播这种疾病”在文中找不到根据，故选项B正确。
（2）第2题属细节辨认题，第二段第1句
…vaccination ( from the word “vacca” meaning a cow)即本题答案出处，故选B正确。
（3）第3题属细节辨认题。由第三段第1句可知，这一消息传到其他国家，不仅仅是西方国家，所以排除选项B；人们是到医生那里去种牛痘，而不是到Jennet医生那里去种牛痘，故排除选项C；“vaccination”而不是“the news”可使人们免于“天花”这一疾病，故排除选项D。通过细节的认定，本题正确答案是A。
III. 略